Sunday, March 8, 2020

How to Start Business in Bangladesh

To establish a company in Bangladesh, the promoters must register with the Registrar of Joint Companies & Firms (RJSC&F). The following documents must be registered:

Name Clearance: this involves submitting an application to the office of RJSC&F through the website alongside the applicable fees. The name cannot match or closely resemble any other name already taken

Memorandum and Articles of Association: the Memorandum and Articles of Association must be prepared and submitted, alongside a scanned copy of the encashment certificate received from a local bank. A registration fee must also be paid to the designated bank

Registration: the promoters of the new entity (having name clearance) apply for registration with necessary documents, prescribed forms & fees as appropriate to the type of entity with the office of the RJSC&F.

Certificate of Incorporation: RJSC&F issues a Certificate of Incorporation upon satisfaction that the promoters submitted the above mentioned documents properly.

Following registration, companies must also obtain the following before commencing business:

Trade License from City Corporation/Municipality/ Union Council (Local Government Bodies)

Taxpayer’s Identification Number (Twelve Digit TIN)

VAT Registration (in the cases where applicable) • Import Registration Certificate (in the case of business related to import)

Export Registration Certificate (in the case of business related to export)

• License/Permission from the authorities according to the nature of business/profession

Bank account

Membership of trade body

Foreign investors will also need to register with the Board of Investment. This comprises submitting an application form, alongside the MOA/AOA, attested copies of deed/documents in support of project land, background of the promoters, a project profile (if the total project cost exceeds BDT100 million) and a fee. Further information may also be required if the project is financed by a loan.

After receiving the application duly filled in, signed and with the required documents enclosed, the BOI reviews the application and, if found suitable, the registration certificate is issued. BOI registration makes the industrial unit eligible for all the incentives and facilities provided by the Government of Bangladesh.

Capital requirement 

Companies do not have any minimum capital requirements unless they appoint expatriates as employees. In this case, the minimum capital requirement is USD 50,000.

Constitution 

The constitution of the company is set out in the Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA). The MOA states the name of the company, whether it is public, private or limited and the location of the registered office.

The MOA should clearly spell out the main objectives, the authorised capital, the divisions of this capital into shares of fixed amount and liability of its members. The AOA are the regulations governing the internal management of the affairs of the company and the conduct of its business. These articles are subordinate to and controlled by the MOA.

Management 

The business of a company is managed by the Board of Directors. The company may appoint or employ any individual as its Managing Director for a term not exceeding five years at a time. The business and all other affairs of the company are managed by the Managing Director who is in turn supervised by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may elect a Chairman and decide his/her tenure of service and his/ her function. The Chairman shall preside all the meetings of the Board of Directors and other meeting(s) whether an Annual or Extra-Ordinary General Meeting of the Company. The Chairman and the managing director shall not be the same person.

Filing requirements:

Companies must file annual reports and directors notes alongside audited accounts within 21 days of the annual general meeting. Other statutory returns may be required, eg tax and VAT returns.

Partnerships 

A Partnership can be established with at least two and no more than 20 persons, with the aim of making and sharing profits among themselves. An organisation can emerge as an aftereffect of an agreement or contract, communicated or inferred between the partners. In Bangladesh, a partnership firm is to be structured under the provisions of the Partnership Act 1932.  Under the Partnership Act 1932, the deed of partnership does not need to be registered. Furthermore, the enrolment of such firm is not legally required. However, once registered, a partnership firm may receive some legitimate rights and facilities.




Business Entities of Bangladesh

Any foreign company or individual wanting to do business in Bangladesh will need to decide under which form they want to operate. The various business entities available in Bangladesh are described below. It is important to note that those that do not create a legal entity in Bangladesh in order to carry business in the country might still be subject to certain limitations and obligations under state law. Companies wanting to provide goods or services in Bangladesh need to carefully assess whether their activities establish a presence in Bangladesh which might make them liable to pay taxes in the country and oblige them to make public filings.

As per the relevant publications of the Board of Investment (BOI), local investors may setup a business under several organisational structures such as sole proprietorship, partnership and limited company. In the case of a foreign investor, only a limited company may be established.

Companies limited by shares 

Business in Bangladesh may be led by an organisation framed and incorporated locally or by an organisation incorporated abroad, however enrolled in Bangladesh. The incorporation or enrolment is carried out by the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies and Firms (RJSC) under the provisions of the Companies Act 1994. The following corporate forms are available:

Company Limited by Shares 
– Private Limited Company
– Public Limited Company

Company Limited by Guarantees

Unlimited Company

Private Limited Company::

The main characteristics of a Private Limited Company are:

• Restricts the rights to transfer the shares

• Limits the number of its members to minimum two and maximum 50 excluding the persons employed in the company

• Prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for the shares or debentures of the company and
is entitled to commence business from the date of its incorporation.

Public Limited Company:

A Private Limited Company may be converted into a Public Limited Company or a company can be incorporated as Public Limited Company.

Public limited company can be of two types:

 i) listed and

ii) unlisted The main characteristics of a Public Limited Company are:

• May issue invitation to the members of the public to subscribe the shares and debentures of the company through a prospectus which complies with the requirements of the Companies Act, 1994, Has a minimum of seven members with no maximum limit

• Has at least three directors

• Shall not commence any business until obtaining the Certificate of Commencement of Business

For listed public limited companies (which are listed with BSEC for trading shares in public), in addition to the above, they must also comply with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Ordinance 1969 and the Securities and Exchange Commission Act 1993.


Monday, March 2, 2020

What is Foreign Investment

Foreign investments can be made by individuals, but are most often endeavors pursued by companies and corporations with substantial assets looking to expand their reach. As globalization increases, more and more companies have branches in countries around the world. For some companies, opening new manufacturing and production plants in a different country is attractive because of the opportunities for cheaper production, labor and lower or fewer taxes.

Direct vs Indirect Foreign Investments

Foreign investments can be classified in one of two ways: direct and indirect. Foreign direct investments (FDIs) are the physical investments and purchases made by a company in a foreign country, typically by opening plants and buying buildings, machines, factories and other equipment in the foreign country. These types of investments find a far greater deal of favor, as they are generally considered long-term investments and help bolster the foreign country’s economy.
Foreign indirect investments involve corporations, financial institutions and private investors buying stakes or positions in foreign companies that trade on a foreign stock exchange. In general, this form of foreign investment is less favorable, as the domestic company can easily sell off their investment very quickly, sometimes within days of the purchase. This type of investment is also sometimes referred to as a foreign portfolio investment (FPI). Indirect investments include not only equity instruments such as stocks, but also debt instruments such as bonds.

Other Types of Foreign Investment

There are two additional types of foreign investments to be considered: commercial loans and official flows. Commercial loans are typically in the form of bank loans that are issued by a domestic bank to businesses in foreign countries or the governments of those countries. Official flows is a general term that refers to different forms of developmental assistance that developed or developing nations are given by a domestic country.
Commercial loans, up until the 1980s, were the largest source of foreign investment throughout developing countries and emerging markets. Following this period, commercial loan investments plateaued, and direct investments and portfolio investments increased significantly around the globe.

Monday, February 17, 2020

Our comment-policy:-

Unlike the Wild West of most of the Internet, we have a very strict comment policy on Hassan and Associates sites. If you’re an asshole, you’ll be banned. Sorry, assholes!

That, most important, statement out of the way, here’s more you should know whether you’re a regular commenter or new to the site.


If your comment does not immediately appear on the site after posting, it may have been flagged for review. There are a number of things which will get your comment flagged for review, we ask that you please keep that in mind before resubmitting the comment multiple times or contacting us about it.
  • Use of any of the curse words and/or slurs we have on our blacklist will automatically flag a comment so it won’t appear on our site. Sometimes these words are used as part of a good discussion, these comments will be approved by a moderator when appropriate.
  • Using a Disqus account without a verified email address will automatically flag a comment.
  • Fluctuations in the space time continuum. Sometimes things just get auto-flagged and we don’t know why.
  • Comments can also be flagged for review by our readership (please do not abuse this option for other users you simply disagree with, it makes our moderation jobs a lot harder).
Here are some things which will get your comment deleted.


  • Personal attacks against another commenter or the writer of the post/website. This can run from name calling to sentences which include the words “people like you” or statements which begin “I bet you” or “you must/probably” etc. This is regardless of what “side” you’re on.
  • Jokes or aggressive negative comments on the aesthetic appearance of a person (commenters, writers, and folks mentioned in an article alike).
  • Hate speech or other clearly intentional jerk behavior. This includes, but is not limited to: the use of the word feminazi or a comments which denigrates women, feminism or feminists, the LGBTQ community; broad imprecations or assumptions based on race; and anything that amounts to “ugh the gays,” “ugh liberals,” “ugh, fangirls,” etc
There will be some who look at these rules and think that the moderators of Hassan and Associates sites have too much power to shut down conversations. We have two responses to this.
First: It’s our site, we get to make the rules. We’re not taking away your freedom of speech by deleting/banning you. You can take your anger elsewhere, we don’t want it.
We try to treat our comment section like a series of dinner parties, where our job as hosts is to foster interesting, free discussion for all our guests, not just the loudest, most assertive, scariest ones. You can be a poor conversationalist, present a different viewpoint, or talk loudly and brashly. But if you threaten, annoy, derail, or in other ways spoil the atmosphere of discussion for others, we reserve the right to not invite you back next time. If that principle is too restrictive for you, there are many other sites out there that share our coverage and have more liberal commenting rules.
Second: We ask everybody who comes to our sites to remember that conversations require listening as well as speaking. And we are firm believers in the fact that banning a commenter only prevents them from speaking, not from listening.
For those who agree with these rules, please keep in mind that we are only human. We are not sleepless technodroids, fueled by the radiation of the miniature universes housed within our quantmantium frames. If you see a comment which violates these rules, the most helpful thing you can do is to flag it, rather than commenting about how poorly moderated the thread or post is or contacting us through social media or email to that effect.
If you’re having a disagreement with another user and your replies have gone into the double digits, consider stepping back from the computer for a while. We love discussion but we don’t want users running themselves ragged trying to convince someone else online they’re wrong.
Happy commenting, all !!

Sunday, February 16, 2020

:- Bond License āχāϏ্āϝুāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰি⧟াāϰ āϏংāĻ•্āώিāĻĒ্āϤ āĻŦিāĻŦāϰāĻŖ :-

āĻāĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĻেāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāϏ,āφāϰ,āĻ“ āύংā§§ā§Žā§§/āφāχāύ/⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž/⧍⧍ā§Ļ⧝/āĻļুāϞ্āĻ• āϤাং⧍ā§Ŧ/ā§Ŧ/⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āχং āĻ āĻŦāϰāύিāϤ "āĻŦāύ্āĻĄেāĻĄ āĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻšাāωāϏ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻŦিāϧিāĻŽাāϞা ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž" āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŽāĻšোāĻĻ⧟েāϰ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—াāχāĻĄ āϞাāχāύ āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী।āĻ•াāϏ্āϟāĻŽāϏ āφāχāύ ā§Ŧ⧝ āĻāϰ āϧাāϰা ⧭⧝ āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻĒāύ্āϝ āĻ–াāϞাāϏেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻŦিāϞ āĻ…āĻŦ āĻāύ্āϟ্āϰি āĻĻাāĻ–িāϞ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤেāĻŽāύি āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤিāϰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝে āĻ•াāϏ্āϟāĻŽāϏ āφāχāύেāϰ āϧাāϰা ā§§ā§Š āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏিং āĻŦিāϧিāĻŽাāϞাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĢāϰāĻŽ āĻĒুāϰāύ āĻ“ āϚাāĻšিāĻĻাāĻ•ৃāϤ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϏāĻŽেāϤ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻিāϏāĻš āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŦāϰাāĻŦāϰে āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĄেāĻĄ āĻ“ā§Ÿ্āϝাāϰāĻšাāωāϜ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻŦিāϧিāĻŽাāϞা ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āϝে āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϏ্āϟাāύāĻ•ে āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤা āĻšāϞো :
(ā§§) āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύীāĻŽূāĻ–ী āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ;
(⧍) āĻĒ্āϰāϚ্āĻ›āύ্āύ āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύীāĻŽূāĻ–ী āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ ;
(ā§Š) āĻĄিāĻĒ্āϞোāĻŽ্āϝাāϟিāĻ•, āĻĄিāωāϟি āĻĢ্āϰি āĻ“ āĻĄিāωāϟি āĻĒেāχāĻĄ āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ ;
(ā§Ē) āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰী āĻ“ āĻŦেāϏিāϰāĻ•াāϰী āχāĻĒিāϜেāĻĄ āĻāϞাāĻ•া⧟ āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύীāĻŽূāĻ–ী āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāϚ্āĻ›āύ্āύ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ ;
(ā§Ģ) BEZA āĻŦা āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āχāĻ•োāύāĻŽিāĻ• āϜোāύ āĻāϰি⧟া⧟ āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύীāĻŽূāĻ–ী āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ ;
(ā§Ŧ) āĻšাāχāϟেāĻ• āĻĒাāϰāĻ•ে āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύিāĻŽূāĻ–ী āϏāĻĢāϟ āĻ“ā§Ÿ্āϝাāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ;
āωāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻ•্āϝাāϟাāĻ—āϰিāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύ āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ,āφāϰ,āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āϏāĻŦ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āĻĻাāĻ–িāϞ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ āĻ•িāύা āϤা āϚেāĻ• āϞিāϏ্āϟেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŽিāϞি⧟ে āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ। āĻŽিāϞি⧟ে āĻĻেāĻ–āϤে āĻ—ি⧟ে āĻŽোāϟাāĻŽুāϟি ⧍ā§Ŧ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āĻšাāϞāύাāĻ—াāĻĻ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ। āĻ,āφāϰ,āĻ“ āϏাāĻšেāĻŦ āϝে āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ āϤাāĻšāϞো :
āĻ•) āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύী⧟ āĻĄাāϟা āĻĢāϰāĻŽে āϚাāĻšিāĻĻাāĻŽāϤ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻāύ্āϟ্āϰি āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
(āĻ–) BIDA/BOI/āĻŦāϏ্āϤ্āϰ/āĻ•ুāϟিāϰāĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ , āĻŽূāϏāĻ•, āϟ্āϰেāĻĄ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ, RJSC, IRC/ERC, TIN, NID, Fire Certificate , Boiler āϏāύāĻĻ, āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āϏāύāĻĻ(āĻĒ্āϰāϝোāϜ্āϝ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে) āϜা⧟āĻ—াāϜāĻŽিāϰ āĻĻāϞিāϞ, āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝ⧟āύ, āϏাāϰ্āϟিāĻĢাāχāĻĄ āφāχāϟিā§§ā§ĻāĻŦি āϏāĻš āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āϰিāϟাāϰ্āύ, āϏাāϰ্āϟিāĻĢাāχāĻĄ āχāĻž্āϜিāύি⧟াāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰিāϤ āύীāϞ āύāĻ•āĻļা, āϏংāĻļ্āϞিāώ্āϟ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏা⧟ী āĻ—োāώ্āĻ ীāϰ āĻŽেāĻŽ্āĻŦাāϰ āĻļীāĻĒ āĻ“ āĻ—োāώ্āĻ ী āĻ•āϤৃāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŦāϰাāĻŦāϰ āϏুāĻĒাāϰিāĻļ, āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻ­া⧜াāϰ āĻĻāϞিāϞ, āχāϞেāĻ•্āϟ্āϰিāĻ• āĻŦিāϞ, āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻŦিāϞ āĻ āϜাāϤী⧟ ⧍ā§Ŧ āϟি āĻĒেāĻĒাāϰāϏ āϞাāĻ—ে āĻāĻŽāύ āϏāĻŦ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āĻĻাāĻ–িāϞ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
āϝāĻĻি āĻŽিāϞি⧟ে āĻĻাāĻ–িāϞāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ% āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻĒেāϞে āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖী āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āĻĻি⧟ে āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻĻি⧟ে āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻļাāĻ–া⧟ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻļাāĻ–া āϤাāϤে āϰিāϏিāĻ­āĻĄ āϏীāϞ āĻĻি⧟ে āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŽāĻšোāĻĻ⧟েāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŽāĻšোāĻĻ⧟ āϤাāϤে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ•āϰে āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻļাāĻ–াāϰ āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āĻāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āϤা āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ•āϰে āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻļাāĻ–া āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰীāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āύāĻĨি āĻ—āĻ āύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ ।
āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻļাāĻ–াāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী(āĻ…āĻĢিāϏ/āωāϚ্āϚāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী) āύāĻĨি āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰে āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻ•āϰ্āϤাāĻ•ে āĻĻেāύ, āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ,āφāϰ,āĻ“ āĻŽāύোāύ⧟āύ āĻĻে⧟াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āĻŽāĻšোāĻĻ⧟েāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āύāĻĨিāϟি āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āύāĻĨিāϰ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ,āφāϰ,āĻ“ āĻŽāύোāύ⧟āύ āĻ•āϰে āύāĻĨি āϤাāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻ•াāϰীāϰ āĻ•োāύ āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—ী āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āϜাāϰাāĻŦো āĻĒāϤ্āϰ āύং ā§Š(ā§Ē)āĻļু:āϰāĻĒ্āϤাāύি āĻ“ āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ/⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ⧍/⧭⧍ (⧧⧝)āϤাāϰিāĻ– ā§Ļā§­/ā§Ļ⧍/⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ŧ āχং āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻĒাāĻ“āύা, āĻĻাāĻŦীāύাāĻŽা, āĻĒাāĻ“āύা āĻ“ āĻĻাāĻŦীāύাāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦিāĻĒāϰীāϤে āĻŽাāĻŽāϞা āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰোāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽাāϰেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āύāĻĨিāϤে āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āύেāĻŦেāύ। āϝāĻĻি āĻ•োāύ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒাāĻ“āύা āĻĨাāĻ•ে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤা āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧ āύা āĻ•āϰা āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĻে⧟া āϝাāĻŦে āύা।
āĻ…āϤāĻĒāϰ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĻāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āĻ•āϰে āύিāĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĻিāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āϏāϰেāϜāĻŽিāύে āĻ­িāϜিāϟ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϝাāύ। āĻ­িāϜিāϟ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻ—ি⧟ে āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĻāϞ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāĻĻāϰ্āĻļ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻŦāϞāϤে āϝা āϝা āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ āϤা āύিāĻŽ্āύāϰুāĻĒ :
(ā§§) āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύে āĻ—āĻŽāύাāĻ—āĻŽāύ āĻāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϰাāϏ্āϤা āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা, āĻŦিāώ⧟āϟা āĻāĻŽāύ āφāĻĒāύি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻ িāĻ•āĻŽāϤো āĻĒেāϞেāύ āĻ•িāύ্āϤ āϏেāĻ–াāύে āϰিāĻ•্āϏা āĻ›া⧜া āϤিāύ āϟāύ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āϟ্āϰাāĻ• āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύা। āϏেāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻিāϤ āĻĒāύ্āϝ āĻ“ āĻ•াāϚাāĻŽাāϞ āφāύা āύে⧟াāϰ āϏāĻšāϜāϞāĻ­্āϝāϤা।
(⧍) āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻ†ā§ŸāϤāύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻ•িāύা? āĻŽাāύে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻ†ā§ŸāϤāύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻšāϤে āĻšāĻŦে; āĻŽোāϟাāĻŽুāϟি āϏāύ্āϤোāώāϜāύāĻ• āĻ†ā§ŸāϤāύেāϰ āĻ•িāύা?
(ā§Š) āĻŦিāϧিāĻŽাāϞাāϰ āĻŦিāϧি ā§Š āĻŽোāϤাāĻŦেāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻ“ āĻŦāύ্āĻĄেāĻĄ āĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻšাāωāϏ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āϏুāϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻ•িāύা? āϏুāϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻŦাāωāύ্āĻĄাāϰি āĻ“ā§ŸাāϞ, āĻĒāύ্āϝ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύ āĻĒ্āϰিāĻŽিāϜ, āĻŦāύ্āĻĄ āĻ—ুāĻĻাāĻŽ, āĻĢিāύিāϏāĻĄ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĄাāĻ•্āϟ āϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϏুāϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা? āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒāύ্āϝ/ āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āϏāĻšāϜে āĻ–ো⧟া āĻŦা āϚুāϰি āύা āĻšā§Ÿ, āĻŦা āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻ•েāω āϏāĻšāϜে āύাāĻļāĻ•āϤা āĻ•āϰāϤে āύা āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻŽāύ āϏুāϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦাāĻž্āϚāύী⧟।
(ā§Ē) āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻŽেāĻļিāύাāϰি āϏāϚāϞ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻšāĻŦে, āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻĒুāϰোāĻĒুāϰি āϚাāϞু āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āĻ–ুāĻŦāχ āĻ­াāϞ;
(ā§Ģ) āĻļ্āϰāĻŽিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύে āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ•াāϞীāύ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿে āϝাāĻŦāϤী⧟ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?;
(ā§Ŧ) āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
(ā§­) āĻ…āĻ—্āύিāύিāϰ্āĻŦাāĻĒāĻŖ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻšāĻŦে; Emergency Exit āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
(ā§Ž) āĻĄা⧟িং, āĻ“ā§ŸাāĻļিং, āϟ্āϝাāύাāϰি āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻšāϞে ETP (āχāĻĢুāϞু⧟েāύ্āϟ āϟ্āϰিāϟāĻŽেāύ্āϟ āĻĒ্āϞাāύ্āϟ) āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
(⧝) āĻ“āĻ­েāύ āĻ“ āύীāϟ āĻ—াāϰ্āĻŽেāύ্āϟāϏ āĻ•াāϰāĻ–াāύা āĻšāϞে āĻŦ⧟āϞাāϰ āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒিāϤ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
(ā§§ā§Ļ) āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āĻ­āĻŦāύ āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āϏুāϝোāĻ— āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āϏāĻŽ্āĻŦāϞিāϤ āφāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা?
āĻŽুāϞāϤ āωāĻĒāϰেāϰ āωāĻĒāϝোāĻ—ীāϤা āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āĻĒেāϞে āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āϝাāϚাāχ āĻŦাāĻ›াāχ āĻ•āϰে āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻĒেāϞে āĻŽāύোāύীāϤ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ (āĻ,āφāϰ,āĻ“) āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻ•াঁāϚাāĻŽাāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟āϤা āĻ“ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āφāĻĻেāĻļ ā§§ā§Ē/⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻ•াঁāϚাāĻŽাāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϝāϤা āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦāϏāĻš āύāĻĨি āφāϰ,āĻ“ āĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ।
āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āĻŽāύে āĻ•āϰāϞে āύāĻĨি āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āĻāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟ āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ।āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āϝāĻĨাāϝāĻĨ āĻŽāύে āύা āĻ•āϰāϞে āϝেāĻ–াāύে āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻ•āϰা āĻĻāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϤা āĻ•āϰে āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ। āĻāϏি/āĻĄিāϏি āĻ…āϧিāĻ•āϤāϰ āϝাāϚাāχ āĻ•āϰে āύāĻĨি āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŦāϰাāĻŦāϰে āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ।
āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āφāϰো āĻ…āϧিāĻ•āϤāϰ āϝাāϚাāχ āĻ•āϰে āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŦāϰাāĻŦāϰে āύāĻĨিāϟি āĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ। āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āύāĻĨি āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āωāĻ•্āϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻĻāϞিāϞাāĻĻি āĻ…āϧিāĻ•āϤāϰ āϝাāϚাāχ āĻ•āϰে āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻ•াāύ্āĻĄেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ "āϏāύ্āϤুāώ্āϟ āĻŦা āϏāύ্āϤোāώāϜāύāĻ• āĻšāχāϞেāχ" āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύেāϰ āϏুāĻĒাāϰিāϏে āĻ…āύুāĻŽোāĻĻāύ āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ।
āĻ…āϤ:āĻĒāϰ āύāĻĨি āĻļাāĻ–া⧟ āĻĢেāϰāϤ āφāϏāĻŦে, āĻāĻŦাāϰ āύāĻĨিāϤে āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻĢāϰāĻŽ āĻĒুāϰāύ āĻ•āϰে āĻĒুāύāϰা⧟ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻŽāĻšোāĻĻ⧟েāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽুāĻ–ে āĻŦāύ্āĻĄাāϰāĻ—āύ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻ•āĻĒিāϤে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ, āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏ āĻ•āĻĒিāϤে āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ•āϰে āĻŦāύ্āĻĄাāϰেāϰ āĻŦāϰাāĻŦāϰে āĻšāϏ্āϤাāύ্āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ। āϤāĻŦে āĻšāϏ্āϤাāύ্āϤāϰেāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϞাāχāϏেāύ্āϏেāϰ āĻšিāϏ্āϝা āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻ…āύāϞাāχāύে āĻĒ্āϰোāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻšেāĻŦ āφāĻĒāϞোāĻĄ āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ।
āϜীāĻŦāύāϝাāϤ্āϰাāϰ āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻŦāĻ›āϰāχ āĻŦা⧜āĻ›ে। āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ­াāĻŦে āϘāϰāĻ­া⧜া, āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏা, āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰ, āϝাāϤা⧟াāϤ, āϏāύ্āϤাāύেāϰ āĻĒ⧜াāϞেāĻ–াāϰ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻŦে⧜েāχ āϚāϞেāĻ›ে। āĻ…āĻĨāϚ āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻ–āϰāϚেāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āϏাāĻŽāĻž্āϜāϏ্āϝ āϰেāĻ–ে āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻāĻ• āϟাāĻ•াāĻ“ āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āύা। āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āϏীāĻŽা āĻ†ā§œাāχ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰিāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ-ā§§ā§Ŧ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে। āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻŦāĻ›āϰāχ āĻĒāĻŖ্āϝ āĻ“ āϏেāĻŦাāϰ āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›ে। āϤāĻŦু āĻāχ āϏীāĻŽা āϚāϞāϤিāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāĻ•āχ āφāĻ›ে। āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āφāχāύ āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻ†ā§Ÿ-āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦ āĻŽিāϞি⧟ে āĻŦāĻ›āϰে āĻĻুāχ āϞাāĻ– ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•াāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ†ā§Ÿ āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāχ āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧ āĻŦা āϰিāϟাāϰ্āύ āϜāĻŽা āύা āĻĻিāϞে āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϜেāϞ-āϜāϰিāĻŽাāύাāϰ āĻŦিāϧাāύ āφāĻ›ে।
⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ŧ āϏাāϞে āϜীāĻŦāύāϝাāϤ্āϰাāϰ āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›িāϞ ā§Ŧ.ā§Ēā§­%, āĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻāϰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻšাāϰ āĻ›িāϞ ā§Ž.ā§Ēā§Ē%। āĻ—āϤ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āϜীāĻŦāύāϝাāĻĒāύেāϰ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›ে ā§Ŧ%। āĻāĻ•āχ
āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĒāĻŖ্āϝ āĻ“ āϏেāĻŦা āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›ে ā§Ģ.⧧⧝%। āĻ•āύāϜ্āϝুāĻŽাāϰ্āϏ āĻ…্āϝাāϏোāϏি⧟েāĻļāύ āĻ…āĻŦ āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ (āĻ•্āϝাāĻŦ) āĻāχ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ•্āώা, āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻ“ āϝাāϤা⧟াāϤেāϰ āĻ–āϰāϚ āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿāύি। āĻ…āĻĨāϚ āĻĒাāϰিāĻŦাāϰিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝ⧟েāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟা āĻŦ⧜ āĻ…ংāĻļ āϝা⧟ āĻ āϤিāύāϟি āĻ–াāϤে।
āĻ•্āϝাāĻŦেāϰ āĻŽāϤে, āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧিāϰ āĻ…āĻ­িāϘাāϤ āϏীāĻŽিāϤ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻļāĻšুāϰে āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি। āύ্āϝূāύāϤāĻŽ āϚাāĻšিāĻĻা āĻŽিāϟি⧟ে āϏংāϏাāϰ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻŦāĻ›āϰে āĻ†ā§œাāχ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া⧟ (āĻŽাāϏে ⧍ā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ ā§Žā§Šā§Š āϟাāĻ•া) āϧāϰে āϰাāĻ–া āύিāĻŽ্āύ āĻ“ āύিāĻŽ্āύ āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻĒāĻ•্āώেāĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰা⧟ āĻ…āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ। āϤাāχ āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜াāύোāϰ āϜোāϰাāϞো āĻĻাāĻŦি āϰ⧟েāĻ›ে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻŽāĻšāϞ āĻĨেāĻ•ে। āϤāĻŦে āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤা āĻšাāϰাāύোāϰ āϭ⧟ে āĻ āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻŽাāύāϤে āϰাāϜি āύ⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āĻŦোāϰ্āĻĄ (āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰ)।
āϤāĻŦে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύীāϤি āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻ•āϰা āĻ­িāύ্āύāĻŽāϤ āϜাāύি⧟ে āĻŦāϞেāύ, āĻ•āϰেāϰ āĻŦোāĻা āĻ•āĻŽাāύো āĻšāϞে āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻ•āĻŽāĻŦে āύা āĻŦāϰং āĻŦা⧜āĻŦে। āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ•āϰāĻšাāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰ্āĻŦিāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύ āϰ⧟েāĻ›ে।
āϜাāϤী⧟ āĻŦাāϜেāϟেāϰ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖে āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝা⧟, ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ-ā§§ā§Ŧ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻĻুāχ āϞাāĻ– ⧍ā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦা⧜ি⧟ে āĻĻুāχ āϞাāĻ– ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ†ā§Ÿ āĻ•āϰāϞে āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ•ে āĻāĻ• āĻ•āϰāĻŦāϰ্āώে āϤাāϰ āĻ†ā§Ÿ, āĻŦ্āϝ⧟, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āϰে⧟াāϤ āϏāĻŦ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻšিāϏাāĻŦ āĻ•āϰে āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰ āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰিāϤ āĻšাāϰে āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āĻ•োāώাāĻ—াāϰে āϜāĻŽা āĻĻিāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻুāχ āϞাāĻ– ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻŽোāϟ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻļূāύ্āϝ, āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āϚাāϰ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ, āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻĒাঁāϚ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ, āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ›ā§Ÿ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ ⧍ā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ, āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী ā§Šā§Ļ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ ⧍ā§Ģ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ, āĻ…āĻŦāĻļিāώ্āϟ āĻŽোāϟ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ ā§Šā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻšাāϰে āĻ•āϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻļোāϧেāϰ āĻŦিāϧাāύ āφāĻ›ে। āĻ āĻ›া⧜া āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤা āĻ“ ā§Ŧā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻŦ⧟āϏেāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āϤিāύ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া, āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦāύ্āϧী āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āϚাāϰ āϞাāĻ– āϟাāĻ•া āĻāĻŦং āĻ—েāϜেāϟāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧাāĻšāϤ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝোāĻĻ্āϧাāĻĻেāϰ āϚাāϰ āϞাāĻ– ⧍ā§Ģ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰিāϤ āφāĻ›ে। āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāϏ্āĻĢীāϤিāϰ āĻšাāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ē-ā§§ā§Ģ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে ā§Ŧ.ā§Ēā§§, ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ-ā§§ā§Ŧ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে ā§Ģ.⧝⧍, ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ŧ-ā§§ā§­ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে ā§Ģ.ā§Ēā§Ē, ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§­-ā§§ā§Ž āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে ā§Ģ.ā§­ā§Ž āĻļāϤাংāĻļ। āϚāϞāϤি āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻŽাāϰ্āϚ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻ āĻšাāϰ ā§Ģ.ā§Ģā§Ģ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ।
āϏাāĻŦেāĻ• āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦাāĻŦāϧা⧟āĻ• āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āωāĻĒāĻĻেāώ্āϟা āĻŽিāϰ্āϜ্āϜা āφāϜিāϜুāϞ āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ•াāϞেāϰ āĻ•āĻŖ্āĻ āĻ•ে āĻŦāϞেāύ, ‘āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ•āĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻŽুāĻšূāϰ্āϤে āĻĒāϰোāĻ•্āώ āĻ•āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻ্āϰāĻŦ্āϝāĻŽূāϞ্āϝেāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ“ āϏেāĻŦা āĻ•িāύāϤে āĻŽোāϟা āĻ…āĻ™্āĻ•েāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰāĻ•ে āĻĻিāϤে āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে। āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻŦে⧜েāχ āϚāϞেāĻ›ে। āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻ–āϰāϚে āĻšিāĻŽāĻļিāĻŽ āĻ–াāϚ্āĻ›ে। āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝāĻ•্āώ āĻ•āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ⧜ āĻ…āĻ™্āĻ•েāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āϚাāĻĒি⧟ে āĻĻিāϞে āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŦোāĻা āĻšā§Ÿে āϝা⧟। āĻ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϟা āĻŦা⧜াāϞে āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϏ্āϞ্āϝাāĻŦেāϰ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻ•āĻŽি⧟ে ā§Ģ āĻŦা ā§Ē āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϞে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āϚাāĻĒ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŦে। āĻŦেঁāϚে āϝাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āύিāϜেāϰ, āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻāĻŦং āϏāύ্āϤাāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে। āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻŦা⧜āϞে āϤাāϰা āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿে āĻ•āϰāϏীāĻŽা⧟ āϚāϞে āφāϏāĻŦে।’
āĻŦেāϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖা āϏংāϏ্āĻĨা āϏিāĻĒিāĻĄিāϰ āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖা āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāĻ• āĻĄ. āĻ–āύ্āĻĻāĻ•াāϰ āĻ—োāϞাāĻŽ āĻŽো⧟াāϜ্āϜেāĻŽ āĻ•াāϞেāϰ āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟāĻ•ে āĻŦāϞেāύ, ‘āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āφāĻĻা⧟ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤা āĻŦা⧜াāύোāϰ āϚাāĻĒ āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āϤাāχ āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜ি⧟ে āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŽাāύুāώāĻ•েāĻ“ āĻ•āϰāϏীāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦাāχāϰে āύিāϤে āϚা⧟ āύা। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻšāϞেāĻ“ āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰেāϰ āĻŽোāϟ āφāĻĻা⧟ে āϤেāĻŽāύ āĻ•োāύো āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĒ⧜āĻŦে āύা। āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰেāϰ āĻŽোāϟ āφāĻĻা⧟েāϰ āĻ…āϤি āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āϝা⧟। āĻ āĻ›া⧜া āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āϚাāĻĒ āĻ•āĻŽাāϤে āĻ†ā§ŸāĻ•āϰ āφāĻĻা⧟েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻšাāϰ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে ā§Š āĻŦা ā§Ē āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻ•āϰা āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻāϤে āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻ•āĻŽāĻŦে āύা। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāĻ•ে āĻ•āĻŽāĻšাāϰে āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āĻ•āϰ āĻĻিāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻĢāϞে āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤা āϏ্āĻŦāϏ্āϤি āĻĒাāĻŦে। āϤাāϰা āĻ•āϰāϏীāĻŽা⧟ āϟিāĻ•ে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে।’
āφāĻ—াāĻŽী āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻŦাāϜেāϟে āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤিāϤে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖি-āĻĒেāĻļাāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে। āĻāϏāĻŦ āύি⧟ে āϏংāĻļ্āϞিāώ্āϟāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĒ্āϰা⧟ āĻŽাāϏāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āĻĻāĻĢা⧟ āĻĻāĻĢা⧟ āĻŦৈāĻ āĻ• āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে। āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜ি⧟ে āĻšাāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰ্āĻŦিāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻĻাāĻŦিāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦে āĻ“ āφāϞোāϚāύাāĻ•াāϞে āϏāĻŦāϚে⧟ে āĻŦেāĻļিāĻŦাāϰ āĻāϏেāĻ›ে।
āĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏা⧟ীāĻĻেāϰ āĻļীāϰ্āώ āϏংāĻ—āĻ āύ āĻāĻĢāĻŦিāϏিāϏিāφāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āφāĻ—াāĻŽী āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜ি⧟ে āϤিāύ āϞাāĻ– ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻĻাāĻŦি āϜাāύি⧟ে āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে, ‘āϚāϞāϤি āĻāĻŦং āĻ—āϤ āϤিāύ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦāĻ›āϰে āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāϏ্āĻĢীāϤি āĻ—ā§œে ā§Ģ āĻļāϤাংāĻļেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰে āĻĨাāĻ•āϞেāĻ“ āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ†ā§ŸāϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻšā§Ÿāύি। āĻāϤে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ†ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ­োāĻ—াāύ্āϤি āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›ে।’
āĻĸাāĻ•া āϚেāĻŽ্āĻŦাāϰ āĻ…āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽাāϰ্āϏ āĻ…্āϝাāύ্āĻĄ āχāύ্āĻĄাāϏ্āϟ্āϰিāϰ (āĻĄিāϏিāϏিāφāχ) āϏāĻ­াāĻĒāϤি āĻ“ā§ŸাāϏাāĻŽা āϤাāϏিāϰ āĻŦāϞেāύ, ‘āϜীāĻŦāύāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦ্āϝ⧟ āĻŦে⧜েāĻ›ে āĻ“ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ•্āϰ⧟āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻš্āϰাāϏ āĻĒে⧟েāĻ›ে। āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻ“ āĻ•āϰেāϰ āĻšাāϰ āĻš্āϰাāϏ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϞে āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ•āϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύে āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻšāĻŦে। āĻāϤে āϏāĻšāϜে āĻ•āϰেāϰ āφāĻ“āϤা āĻŦা⧜āĻŦে।
āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϏীāĻŽা āĻŦা⧜াāύোāϰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻāύāĻŦিāφāϰ āϚে⧟াāϰāĻŽ্āϝাāύ āĻŽো. āĻŽোāĻļাāϰāϰāĻĢ āĻšোāϏেāύ āĻŦāϞেāύ, ‘āĻāĻ–āύ āχāϟিāφāχāĻāύāϧাāϰীāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻĒ্āϰা⧟ ā§Ēā§Ļ āϞাāĻ–। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϰিāϟাāϰ্āύ āĻĻিāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻ•āĻŽ। āĻ•āϰāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝা ā§Žā§Ļ āϞাāĻ– āĻŦা āĻāĻ• āĻ•োāϟি āĻ•āϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšāϞে āĻ•āϰāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āϏীāĻŽা ⧍ā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āĻŦা ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āϟাāĻ•া āĻŦা⧜াāύো āĻšāϞেāĻ“ āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āφāĻĻা⧟ে āϤেāĻŽāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĒ⧜āĻŦে āύা।’
Source :The daily Kaler Kantha

Double Taxation is created when the same income is taxed in two different countries during international trade. Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements is an agreement concluded between Bangladesh and another jurisdiction (a treaty partner) which serves to relieve double taxation of income that is earned in one jurisdiction by a resident of the other jurisdiction. It spells out the taxing rights between Bangladesh and her treaty partner on the different types of income arising from cross-border economic activities between the two jurisdictions. It also provides for reduction or exemption of tax on certain types of income.

There are agreements on avoidance of double taxation between Bangladesh and 32 countries which are:-


- UK
- Singapore
- Sweden
- South Korea
- Canada
- Pakistan
- Romania
- Sri Lanka
- France
- Malaysia
- Japan
- India
- Germany
- The Netherlands
- Italy
- Denmark
- China
- Belgium
- Thailand
- Poland
- Philippines
- Vietnam
- Turkey
- Norway
- USA
- Indonesia
- Switzerland
- Saudi Arabia
- Mauritius
- UAE
- Myanmar
- Belarus